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Monthly Birthstone

※ The monthly birthstone are exhibited as kiosks and real gemstones and gems at the Awareness Hall of Permanent Exhibition.

January Garnet : Truth, Friendship
가넷
Garnet is the birthstone for January and is represented by a red stone similar to a ruby. Therefore, it is very easy to confuse garnet with ruby.
It is easy to think of pomegranate as a transparent dark red stone, however, it is a stone with many beautiful colors except for blue, including red, orange, yellow, sorrel, light green, dark green, purple, colorless, and black.
Garnet is a word derived from the Latin Granators, meaning “seeded pomegranate”.
The shape of the gemstone and its color are small and red as a group as if it were a well-ripen pomegranate, which is also called pomegranate stone in Korean. It symbolized love, success and honor.
All of this amounts to the fruits of a pomegranate. And in the West, the red garnet was used as an antipyretics and the yellow garnet as a special medicine for jaundice. It has been said that traveling with garnet would repel any danger and this stone has always been known to be a mystery that protects health. It has also been believed to be a stone that could protect from death, therefore, solders heading to battle sites had great faith in the stone during the Crusades. Garnet is also a jewel symbolizing royal power and has been used in many of the crowns.
February Amethyst : Peace, Sincerity
자수정
Amethyst is the birthstone of February, symbolizing sincerity and peace of mind.
It is a variety of quartz whose hue ranges from a near-colorless pale purple to a dark purple color and is the most popular semi-precious stone among many people. The stone has little flame and the surface luster is not great for its width of colors.

Amethyst was a very precious jewel it was known as a stone symbolizing the nobility or the rich before the 18th century. Since very large stones were excavated in South America, its rarity value has declined. Still, amoung the semi-precious stones, there are no other stones comparable to the quality amethysts.

Since ancient times, purple has been known as the color of the nobility. The process of extracting purple dyes from clams was so difficult, therefore, only royalty and nobles could wear precious purple and scarlet clothing.

In the West, many believed that no matter how much they drank, they would not get drunk if they had an amethyst.. At the time, amethyst was recognized as a stone of great power. It has been said that those who decorate their body with the stone will not have bad thoughts, and become calm and clever with high intelligence.
March Coral (Aquamarine) : Luminosity
산호
The stone reminds people of clear blue seas and gives a cool feeling as if hearing the sound of the waves. It is aquamarine jade with a green tint of southern blue that is the birthstone of March. The word "aquamarine" is the combination of aqua, which means water, and marine, meaning sea, so the jewel's name can remind one of the blue sea.
Aquamarine has long been regarded by mankind as a stone that symbolizes eternal youth, happiness, hope, and health. In the Middle Ages, people believed that the stone brought insights and the ability to predict the future. It has been said that aquamarine has the power to overcome evil, and many use it to cure eye diseases by washing their eyes with water and aquamarine. In addition, it is also effective for shortness of breath or severe hiccups when you drink the water. It can also act as a digestive agent after overeating.

Young aquamarine lovers said that this stone could help you make good friends, and you will be able to fall in love when wearing aquamarine earrings. It has also been said that wearing an aquamarine ring helps stabilize nerves and relieves fatigue for a hasty or nervous person. It is common in the West for many people to decorate their bodies with aquamarine accessories when traveling abroad. Until the 15th century, aquamarine was known to be the birthstone of October but is now commonly known as the March stone.
April Diamond : Nobility
다이아몬드
The King of Jewels, a diamond is nothing more than a carbon crystal, but it is known to be the strongest of all natural minerals. Most are created in volcanic craters and scattered around during eruptions. They are found in the crevices of mountain rocks or stones and are rarely harvested near rivers.

Diamonds are distributed mostly in Central Africa and Russia. The gem has the highest value as it usually requires the excruciating digging-out of 250 tons of gravel and rocks to produce 1 carat of diamonds.

Diamonds are said to be ice turning into stone. It has been said that a mother who was dying of thirst in the desert drank honey with diamonds and was immediately able to breastfeed and save her child. Therefore, it was considered the guardian stone for women.
Diamonds also symbolize the pinnacle of victory and success; it was considered indispensable for kings and mainly used as the center stone of crowns. People believed it symbolized good fortune that brought wealth and happiness. Is that belief why we use diamond rings for marriage today?
May Emerald : Happiness
에메랄드
The emerald is the most representative green gem of the minerals called beryl and is a symbol of the beauty of Mother Nature. As it is considered the king of green stones, it was the first to be used for decoration. It was favored by the last Queen of Egypt, Cleopatra.

The emerald is an expensive gem that used to be favored as it would make love unchanging and give an ability to predict the future. It was also believed that anyone would gradually become sincere and honest and stop wasting to build wealth.
A quality emerald is beautiful and bright green, like newly grown grass.
June Pearl : Health, Wealth
진주
A pearl is a jewel found in the ocean and is the birthstone symbolizing health, longevity, and wealth.
The living jewel that breathes and grows in a conch is loved by many for its subtle, mysterious light.
The pearl has been loved by many over many years only because it signifies the pain of birth. Pearls are produced both in fresh water and in the ocean from mollusks, such as oysters and blue mussels.
When a grain of sand or a parasite enters the shell, pain is caused due to the accumulation of the fluid secreted as the shell tries to wrap the intruder. It becomes a pearl. If diamonds are the king of jewelry, pearls deserve the title of the queen of jewelry. It has been invariably preserved from 3,500 BC and is consistently favored by many ages and both genders in the East and West.
July Ruby : Courage, Just
루비
The ruby is a love stone that symbolizes passionate affection as the birthstone of July.
Ruby is a word derived from the Latin word rubrum, which means red. Among corundum or aluminum oxide corundum, the reddish transparent stone is called a ruby. Everything else is called sapphire. Ruby is a beautiful gem treated as the most expensive form of corundum.
Rubies and sapphires are like siblings within the corundum category. If they are of the same quality, polishing condition, and weight, the price of rubies is significantly higher than that of sapphires due to scarcity.

In the old days, ruby was a mysterious stone that symbolized the sun. Many believed that possessing it blessed them with health, wealth, and the wisdom of life. It has been believed that wearing a ruby ring on the left hand or putting a ruby broach on the left chest helped escape enemies and gave peace of mind.
Rubies combined the colors of blood and fire and played a role in protecting them from getting hurt and encouraging their owner. It also stops bleeding from wounds. The ruby has been more used for crowns than any other jewel.
August Peridot : Unity of Married Couples
페리도트
Peridot is a beautiful jewel that has a yellowish-green transparent color, which is called olivet in Korean.
The olive stone is the birthstone of August with sardonyx, or an agate.
Peridot is known to bring happiness to couples and harmony with friends and is one of the minerals that form lava. It is found among meteorites sometimes. Therefore, peridot is the only stone given from the universe among many gems.
Most meteorites are small and burn up in the Earth's atmosphere during their descent, but a few reach the ground. There are three types of meteorites: iron meteorites, stone, and iron meteorites, and stone meteorites. Big meteorites explode when they hit the ground. It is hard to obtain large-sized peridot; therefore, the price of a flawless large-sized peridot is expensive. However, it is easy to get small-sized ones as those that are too small hold value as a jewel.

In the old days, peridot was loved and was surrounded by many superstitions. It was once believed to be the stone sent by the sun. Its owner could be free from terrifying darkness, terror, anxiety, and nightmares, as if a talisman. It was also believed that all evils could be avoided by making a bracelet with peridot and gold and wearing it on the left arm for a man or the right arm for a woman. What a wonder it could be to think that a jewel that has been in the universe for billions of years and has been made into rings, necklaces, and earrings.
September Sapphire : Truth, Invariability
사파이어
A blue sapphire, reminding one of a clear autumn sky, is the birthstone of September.
The sapphire has an absolute blue color and less corundum than rubies. Therefore, it is more transparent. Sapphires are relatively larger than rubies. The world's largest sapphire gemstone is 2,302 carats, produced in Australia in 1935.

The sapphire is a symbol of virtue, charity, sincerity, and truth and is said to have been worn by all the cardinals of the Vatican. The tradition began in the 12th century by Bishop Lennes, and it has a long history that the clergy wears a sapphire ring on his middle finger as a symbol of the Church. There is a story that the Ten Commandments of the Bible were carved into this very sapphire.

Sapphires were believed to have healing power along with rubies, and it was known that anyone who owned a sapphire could be free from evil. In addition, it was said that even severe eye diseases could be cured by putting the stone on the eyes. Sapphires are also known to symbolize the sky.
October Opal : Hope, Virginity
오팔
The opal is the birthstone of October; for its beautiful colors and it looks like a small rainbow.
The splendid hues that jump like a fountain from the stone can't be found in any other jewel. Therefore, it is very easy to distinguish opal from other jewels. The word opal comes from greiss opallios, which means "precious stone".
Depending on the viewing angle, various colors can be seen from opals, and the phenomenon of color changing is called the "amusement of colors". This indicates play of colors. This decides the quality of the opal. Opals can become opaque over time, diminish in color, and sometimes turn white. Opal also shows high responsiveness to solutions compared to other gemstones, which can turn black when immersed in sulfuric acid. The intensity of color play determines the life of opal and its value.
November Topaz : Friendship
토파즈
Topaz is a type of clear and beautiful ore and is the birthstone of November.
A symbol of hope, innocence, and friendship, some are brown, like a tiger's eye, some are pink like a peacock's eye, and some are green like the pupil of an angry cat. There is also a blue color, but - its representative color is a pale yellow. Once transparent yellow stones were unconditionally called topazes.

The topaz is a beautiful and extremely rare gem but was mistaken for a common unremarkable stone. High-yielding yellow stones, such as "yellowshcurin," were traded as topaz for a long time.
December Turquoise : Success, Victory
터키석
It is a very hard and a dark blue stone that contains a gold color, as if It were sprinkled with metal.
Turquoise had been known as a psychic stone for many years and was used mainly by the clergy. Along with blue topaz, turquoise is the birthstone of December, symbolizing strength, wisdom, and love, and is frequently used to solve psychic problems.
Egyptians thought it more precious than any other jewel and treated it like gold. Turquoise is said to be able to help the bearers with their physical, mental, and even emotional development, and it will sprout love for those who lack love, joy for those who do not have joy, and deep trust in those who do not have faith and courage in life.
It has a remarkable therapeutic effect on diseases associated with antipyretic action and blood when treating a high fever. It also helps its bearers with vision. If you memorize the spell you want under a blue or purple fire or light, you will get more than twice the efficacy.
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